India to Form Anti Drone Unit

Syllabus: GS3/ Internal Security

In News

• A comprehensive anti-drone unit to be established, involving Defence Ministry, MHA, DRDO, and other agencies.
  • Deployment of laser-equipped anti-drone systems increased interception success from 3% to 55% in Punjab.

Rising Drone Threat

• Significant increase in drone interceptions in 2024 (260+ incidents) compared to 110 in 2023.
• Drones mainly used for smuggling arms and drugs, with hotspots in Punjab, and fewer incidents in Rajasthan and Jammu.

Why are Drones a Growing Menace?

• Accessibility and Affordability: Drones are becoming increasingly accessible and affordable, making them attractive tools for non-state actors and criminal elements.
• Versatility: Their versatility allows for diverse malicious uses, from smuggling contraband and weapons to conducting surveillance and even carrying out attacks.
• Difficult to Detect and Intercept: Small drones are difficult to detect and intercept with traditional radar systems, posing a challenge for security agencies.

India’s “Whole of Government” Approach

• Collaboration is Key: Tackling the drone threat requires a multi-agency approach, involving defense organizations, research institutions, and various security forces. This ensures a coordinated and comprehensive response.
• Technology and Indigenous Development: India is focusing on developing indigenous anti-drone technology, reducing reliance on foreign systems and strengthening self-reliance in defense.

Examples of Anti-Drone Systems

• DRDO’s Soft Kill and Hard Kill Systems: These represent a two-pronged approach, with soft kill jamming drone communication links and hard kill using lasers to destroy them.
• Laser-equipped anti-drone gun-mounted mechanism: Deployment along the India-Pakistan border has shown promising results in neutralizing drone threats.
• Counter Drone System (D4 System): This system provides real-time detection, tracking, and neutralization capabilities, crucial for protecting critical infrastructure and public events.

Source: IE