Guillain Barre Syndrome

In News 

• The risk for developing Guillain-Barré syndrome after receipt of a COVID-19 vaccine is small, but higher with the Johnson & Johnson shot. 

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)

• About:
  • It is a rare condition in which a person’s immune system attacks the peripheral nerves.
  • The syndrome can affect the nerves that control muscle movement as well as those that transmit pain, temperature and touch sensations. 
    • This can result in muscle weakness and loss of sensation in the legs and/or arms.
  • It is more common in adults and in males, people of all ages can be affected.
• Causes:
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome is often preceded by an infection. This could be a bacterial or viral infection. Guillain-Barré syndrome may also be triggered by vaccine administration or surgery.
• Symptoms:
  • Weakness or tingling sensations. They usually start in the legs, and can spread to the arms and face.
  • For some people, these symptoms can lead to paralysis of the legs, arms, or muscles in the face. 
• Treatment: 
  • It is potentially life-threatening. GBS patients should be hospitalised so that they can be monitored closely.
  • Supportive care includes monitoring of breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure. 
  • Some patients also need immunological therapies.

Source: IE